The immune checkpoint has become an important part of biomedicine. Corresponding to this context, the polyclonal antibody has been taken seriously because of its characteristics of polyvalent targeting and the potential to play an important role in immune checkpoint therapy. As a global-leading CRO company devoted to antibody development over the years, Creative Biolabs is professional in providing custom immune checkpoint polyclonal antibody discovery and development services for our customers worldwide. Our rich experience and strong foundations will make us your best partner.
Immune checkpoints represent regulators of the immune system that mediate self-tolerance, preventing autoimmunity and protecting tissues from immune attack. During the past decade, immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has changed the palette of cancer immunotherapy. Unlike many cancer studies that only demonstrated therapeutic effects in cellular or animal models, ICB research has achieved unprecedented success in clinical applications. Although monoclonal antibodies may be considered sniper bullets targeting a single specific epitope on an immune check point-causing agent, the weak point of monoclonal therapeutics for the treatment of some diseases may be the monovalent nature of the interaction. Polyclonal antibody therapy may be described as a targeted machine gun approach, providing polyvalent interactions that permit the application of therapeutic strategies against multiple immune checkpoints and targets.
Mammals mainly produce 5 classes of immunoglobulins: IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, and IgE. Different mammals have different minimum recommended age for immunization, for example, mouse 6 weeks, rat 6 weeks, guinea pig 3 months, rabbit 3 months, chicken 3-5 months, goat 6-7 months, sheep 7-9 months, llama 2 years, and horse 18 months. The primary response is mainly of IgM type, while the booster response is of IgG type and presents with a high affinity and a high titer. IgG antibodies have higher titer, higher specificity, and higher binding affinity to the antigen than IgMs.
Eggs contain 3 types of antibodies (IgAs, IgMs, and IgYs). IgAs and IgMs are mainly present in egg whites, and IgY is present in considerable quantities in egg yolk. Egg yolk IgYs and mammal IgGs have similar structures with two heavy and two light chains. The main difference lies in the constant regions of the heavy chain.
Camelids are members of the Camelidae family. The fact that isolated fragments derived from the heavy (VH) or light chain (VL) variable regions of an antibody could retain high-affinity binding to their antigen was first described in 1989. Heavy-chain-only antibodies (HCAbs) were discovered naturally in camelids where the binding domains constitute paired VHs with no light chains. These heavy-chain only antibodies contain a single variable domain (VHH) and two constant domains (CH2 and CH3). The small size of these single-domain antibodies (sdAbs) makes them amenable to applications that require enhanced tissue penetration or rapid clearance, such as radioisotope-based imaging. Their intrinsic stability allows novel routes of administration, such as inhalation or topical application.
Creative Biolabs has been focusing on antibody development for years, and thus we have accumulated extensive experience. We have accomplished hundreds of customers' desires in antibody development. Our team of Ph.D. level experts will help you with every loop from discovery to production in immune checkpoint antibody development. Besides polyclonal antibody development, Creative Biolabs also provides other services such as:
With rich experience and solid foundations, Creative Biolabs aspires to bring every client a top-rated customer experience. If you are interested in immune checkpoint polyclonal antibody discovery and development services or any other services on our website, please feel free to contact us for more information.
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